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(No Model.)

C. H. RAYMOND. Securing Boiler Tubes.

No. 233,374. Patented Oct. 19, 1880.

Fl. l. FIC.. n.

N.FETERS. FHOTOLIDIOGRAPHER. WASHINGTON D C.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

C. HERMAN RAYMOND, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

SECURING BOILER-TUBES.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 233,374, dated October 19, 1880.

Application liled March 22, 1880. (N o model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Beit known that I, G. HERMAN RAYMOND, a citizen of New York city, residing at New York city, in the county of New York and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Securing Boiler- Tubes; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to whichit appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanyin g drawings, and to letters or figures of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specication.

The invention relates to an improved method of securing the tubes in boilers, and the object is to prevent the ends of the tubes from deteriorating, and also to prevent them from coming in contact with the most intense heat and thus being burned off; and the invention consists in forming a recess around the tubes, in the lower part of which the tubes are secured, all of which will be more fully described, reference bein g had to the accompanying drawings and the letters of reference marked thereon.

In the drawings, Figure l represents a part section of a back-connection of a marine boiler with the tubes secured in the usual way. Fig. 2 is a part section of a back-connection with the tubes secured in my improved manner. Fig. 3 is an enlarged view of a tube secured in the recessed sheet. Fig. 4 is a modification of Fig. 3.

In the drawings, A in Fig. l represents the rear tube-sheet of a marine boiler riveted to the back-connection sheet B as usually constructed. Io the tube-sheet are secured the tubes C in the ordinary manner.

In Fig. 2 the tube-sheet A and back-connection sheet B are secured in a similar manner, but the tube-sheetis recessed around each tube, as shown at I), and in the lower part of the recesses are secured the tubes O by the langed ends c and projections or bead d.

It will be seen (as indicated by the arrows) that the products of combustion in the usual boilers will strike against the ends of the tubes and cause them to rapidlydeteriorate by friction and impact of unconsumed coal. Especially is this the case with locomotive-boilers and in other boilers using artificial draft, while by recessing the sheets, as in my improvement, the ends and edges of the tubes are protected from this source of wear and tear. In boilers in which the recessed tube-sheets are used a better distribution of the heated gases is obtained. It is alsoa well-known fact that great thickness of tube-sheets is required, in order to give them stiffness and strength to resist the great pressure brought upon them. This great thickness involves more tube bearing-surface thanis necessary to insure tightness, thereby increasing the liability of the tube ends to waste at points remote from the water." The recessed tube-sheets correct this by allowing any desirable thickness ot' sheet for strength, at the same time controlling the amount ot' tube-bearing surface at the ends to the exact necessity of each particular case.

It will also be seen that the gases and products of combustion in the ordinary marine boiler go upward with comparatively little obstruction until they are deliected by the upper part, when deflection takes place and the major part of the most intense heat is confined to the upper row of tubes. In the recessed tubesheet the upward tendencies ot' the gases are checked by the recesses, and a more uniform and much better distribution of heat through the tubes is obtained.

In the modification shown in Fig. 4 the tubesheet is recessed on the side toward the water, the object being to obtain the maximum ot' strength with the minimum of tube bearingsurface, as the tube-sheet can be increased in thickness as much as desired and the tubes still retained in their positions from center to center.

The tube-sheets may also be recessed on both sides, it' desired.

Haviu g thus described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, 1s-

1. The method of securing boiler-tubes herein described, consisting in recessing the tubesheets around each tube and then securing the ends of the tubes therein, as shown, and for the purposes set forth.

2. The combination, with aboiler, ofthetubesheets B, provided with recesses b, in which the tubes C are secured in any suitable mau- IOO ner, substantially as shown, and for the pur- In testimony whereof I affix my signature pose specified. n in presence of two witnesses. In boilers, the combination of the tube- (l HERMAN RAYMOND. i

sheets B, having recesses b, with the tubes C,

5 secured therein by e iange, c, on the re side Witnesses:

and bead or projection don the water side, sub- G. H. CURB, stentially as shown and described. H. E. FRASER. l 

